Alfred Bernhard Nobel (1833-1896, Sweden)

The Nobel Prize is given every year to those who have worked hard for peace and those who have made great achievements in science and literature etc.

Nobel made this award.
Nobel's father was making land mines.
A land mine is a bomb that explodes when stepped on by something.
If you bury a land mine on the border with the neighboring country, you can protect the country because enemies cannot attack it.

Nobel was scared, but he believed that the bomb was useful to humans and decided to study gunpowder. And Nobel, who studied a lot in mathematics and chemistry, grew up to be a young man with a wealth of knowledge.

In 1863, Nobel succeeded in inventing a new explosive using "nitroglycerin," which he had been studying for a long time.
He patented it and started making it in his own factory.
However, there were frequent accidents that exploded while carrying it, and many people died each time.
"Since nitroglycerin is a liquid, it explodes as soon as it shakes. The only way to make it safe to carry is to make it solid."
With that in mind, Nobel set about improving the explosives.
Then, in 1866, he came up with a way to infiltrate nitroglycerin into the soil called diatomaceous earth.
The new explosive made in this way was named dynamite.

Dynamite sold so fast that production couldn't keep up.
This is because it has become indispensable for tunnel construction and mine excavation.
However, the highly destructive dynamite has also come to be used in war.
"Dynamite made for peace and the development of the world has become a tool for killing people."
Nobel wasn't happy at all when dynamite sold and he made a lot of money.
In 1895, when his heart was weakened and he felt that death was imminent, Nobel wrote a will.
His will, which was opened after Nobel's death, said, "I want you to share my property with those who have done useful work for humankind."
This is how the Nobel Prize was born.

How does a salmon know the river in which they were born?

When salmon grow up, they go out to sea, but at the time to lay their eggs, they return to the river where they were born.

It is believed that salmon remember the smell of the river in which they were born and rely on that memory to find it.

Salmon eggs are laid in the fall and hatch in about two months.
Newborn fry have a bag full of nutrients hanging from their stomachs, and for another two months, they do not move at the bottom of the river and grow only with the nutrients in the bag.

And in the spring they start swimming and getting their own food. In early summer, when they grow to about 3-4 centimeters, fry form a flock, descend the river and head to the sea.
At this time, their body changes from a body that can live in fresh water to a body that can live in seawater, the pattern of their body is erased, and it becomes silver.

The fry that have gone out to the sea grow up to about 10 centimeters near the shore and gain strength. And finally heading offshore.
they then continue to grow as they travel through the northern Pacific Ocean, and 3-4 years later, they return to their native river to lay eggs.

When heading to Japan from the northern Pacific Ocean, they are thought to be orienting by feeling the Earth's magnetism or using the sun as a marker, but it is not yet clear.

Salmon reach the shores of Japan around autumn. Based on the memory of the smell they smelled when they were born, they find the river where they were born and go up the river to the spawning ground.

This time, on the contrary, their body structure is changed from a body that can live in seawater to a body that can live in fresh water, and the body color becomes a mixture of red, black, and yellow.

When they reach a place that the bottom is gravel in the middle stream of the river, female salmon use their tail fins to make a depression in the bottom of the river and lay eggs there.

The male ejaculates on the egg. The female then uses the tail fin again to gravel over her egg to hide it.
And they are exhausted and the salmon end their lives.

Salmon grow up to about 70 centimeters. They live on jellyfish, crabs, shrimp, etc.
Salmon lay about 3,000 eggs at a time, but only two of them can grow up.

Tora-San's puns and spiels

・Very well, Full of hair, The cat is full of ash, and the area around the buttocks is full of shit.

・Octopus is a warts, Chicken is 20, The hornworm goes to the bride at 19.

・Frog piss is a big deal, Roof Repairman's Fundoshi is very good.

・Very abandoned, Tanned eggplant, The color is black, so I want to bite it but I can't because I have dentures.

・We don't need a knife to kill Tekiya, It's enough to rain for three days.

"Spoiler" Shibahama

〇story

We often see people who have trouble with alcohol.

There was a man in the Edo period.

the man was a merchant to sell edible fish.

The sashimi he sells was very delicious and had a good reputation.

Every day, he went to the fish market of shiba early in the morning and sold it to regular customers.

Although he worked hard, he started to go out after drinking alcohol.

Gradually, the amount of alcohol he drink increased and finally he stopped to go to work.

His wife was in great trouble since he was always drunk.

One day, finally his wife couldn't stand it and pleaded for him to go to work.

He reluctantly went out to work, However, he came back in a fidgety manner at a very early time.

Actually, He arrived at the market too early and the market wasn't open yet.
He didn't have anything to do, he went to the beach near the market and went into the sea to get rid of a hangover.
At that time, something wrapped around his leg.
When he got out of the sea and looked it up, he found a wallet with lots of gold coins.

He proudly said to his wife "let's buy beautiful clothes and go on a trip in the near future". and he called his friends and drank a lot.

He repeatedly said, "Happy day, happy day."

Later that, He was awakened by his wife.
Her wife asked, "How do you pay for that extravagant dish? You said it was a happy day, but what's the matter? "

He said, "You can pay with that gold coins."
His wife said, "What's the story? You had a dream, right?"

He changed his mind and vowed to "stop drinking and work hard." And he also asked his wife to help him pay off his debt.

A year later he paid off his debt.

Two more years later, he moved from an old nagaya and opened his own fish store along the street.

On New Year's Eve, my wife confessed that the gold coin was not a dream.

She thought that it's likely that he would have ran out of it soon and It was just a lost item, so if it was revealed, he might have been caught by the police.

She delivered it to the police, but it became theirs because the owner did not appear after a few years.

She apologized to him for lying.
He didn't get angry, but rather thanked her.

She gave him a liquor.
She thought he could no longer be an alcoholic.

He said. "After all, I'll stop. I don't want to be told that my life was just a dream. "

〇notes

・shibahama is the beach near the fish market of shiba, shiba is the area near the sea in Tokyo.

・Edo period=1603-1868, Meiji=1868-1912, Taisho=1912-1926, Showa=1926-1989, Heisei=1989-2019, Reiwa=2019-

・sashimi=Japanese delicacy consisting of fresh raw fish or meat sliced into thin pieces and often eaten with soy sauce and wasabi.

・nagaya=Rental housing. One building is divided horizontally and each is an independent dwelling unit having a front door.

Where is the beginning of the river?

If you go up the river from the sea to see the beginning of the river, the width of the river narrows, and finally you reach a place where spring water spouts from the ground.

That place is called the headwaters, the headwaters can be a swamp or a lake.

The upper reaches of the river are very narrow. However, the width of the river becomes considerably wider downstream by merging with a tributary or being poured rainwater.

The source of spring water is rain and snow.
Rain and snow that fall on the ground soak into the soil.
The soaked water accumulates between soil, rocks and sand and becomes groundwater.
Groundwater flows into lower place in the ground and springs up when there is a gap above the ground.
Even if it doesn't rain, the groundwater will not run out suddenly.
Therefore, even if the water of the river continues to flow into the sea, the water will not run out from the river.

How were the universe created ?

According to modern science, the universe is thought to have been created 13.7 billion years ago.
Until the beginning of the 20th century, the universe was thought to have no beginning or end.

But things changed when American astronomers discovered in 1929 that the universe continued to expand.
Some people wondered, "If the universe is expanding over time, if we go back in time, the universe would be a small point."

There are still many things we don't know about the beginning of the universe.
Many scientists agree with this theory that the universe started from one point.
It is not yet known how that point was made from "nothing".

It is believed that the origin of the universe was like a fireball with an extremely high temperature.
It suddenly began to swell with tremendous momentum, just like a big explosion 13.7 billion years ago.
This is the moment when the universe was born, called the Big Bang.

The momentum swells to the size of one light-year in just one second.
A collection of stars called galaxies began to form about a billion years after the universe was created, and the Sun and the Earth were formed more than eight billion years later.
One light-year is about 9.46 trillion kilometers.
The number 13.7 billion years ago was calculated from the results of observations of space light by American artificial satellites.

"Spoiler" Mobile Suit Gundam (The very first Gundam) in bullet points

〇Premise

・The story is about the war between "Principality of Zeon (Char, Zabi family, etc)" and "Earth Federation (Amuro, Bright, etc)"

・On the earth, The nation-state was abolished, and the Earth Federation commands the entire earth.

・Many cylindrical structures called "space colony" are floating in the orbit of the moon. People live there, but still many people continue to live on Earth.

・From the Kuiper belt between Mars and Jupiter, a mineral-rich asteroid is carried into the orbit of the Moon and used as a base. People also built a lunar city and lived there as well.

・The place where many space colonies gather is called the side. There are 7 sides, side 3=Zeon, side 7=the place amuro live, and the story begins.

・There is air and gravity in the space colony, and people can live in the same environment as the earth.

・People living in some of space colonies become hostile to the people living on the earth by being imposed heavy taxes, etc. so Principality of Zeon (one of a group of colonies) has declared independence from Earth Federation.

・Zeon has developed a humanoid weapon called a mobile suit. Earth Federation also proceeded with development of it in opposition. Both armies fought with the pilot maneuvering it.

・After the war began, Zeon ambushed and occupied several colonies and dropped a colony on Earth to destroy the Earth Federation headquarters in South America. The colony hit near Sydney and many people died.

・General Revil of the Earth Federation is captured by Zeon during the battle, and the Earth Federation is in trouble, but he escapes and tries to regain.

・Zeon plans the Earth control operation, at the same time, Earth Federation plans the V operation and begins the development of the new mobile suit "Gundam" and warships.

・Char was a Zeon soldier and was called the "Red Comet" because of his strength. Amuro is a general machine-loving boy, not a soldier.

〇Story

・The warship "White Base" carried Gundam and entered Side 7, where Amuro lives.

・Char on his way back to his base found White Base and had his subordinates scout inside Side 7.

・Char's subordinates ignore the order and run away, attacking the base of the Earth Federation Forces with Zaku. Many regular soldiers were killed or injured in this attack.

・Amuro, who came nearby during the evacuation, boarded the Gundam. He steered the Gundam reading the instructions he picked up on the road, and defeated Zaku.

"I will update it from time to time."